rate of infection synonym

rate of infection synonym

Toxoplasmosis Q fever Influenza Toxocara A Word From Immediate Delivery. epidemiology, applied the application or practice of epidemiology to control and prevent health problems. sample, random a sample of persons chosen in such a way that each one has the same (and known) probability of being selected. measurement scale the complete range of possible values for a measurement. determinant any factor that brings about change in a health condition or in other defined characteristics (see also cause and risk factor). mortality rate, age-specific a mortality rate limited to a particular age group, calculated as the number of deaths among the age group divided by the number of persons in that age group, usually expressed per 100,000. mortality rate, cause-specific the mortality rate from a specified cause, calculated as the number of deaths attributed to a specific cause during a specified time interval among a population divided by the size of the midinterval population. mortality rate, neonatal the mortality rate for children from age birth up to, but not including, 28 days. Rate: An expression of the relative frequency with which an event occurs among a defined population per unit of time, calculated as the number of new cases or deaths during a specified period divided by either person-time or the average (midinterval) population. A carrier can be asymptomatic (never indicate signs of the disease) or can display signs of the disease only during the incubation period, convalescence, or postconvalescence. See: The average airflow during the middle half of a forced vital capacity effort. Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary. bar chart, stacked a bar chart displaying quantities of two variables, represented by subdivided bars or columns (the subdivisions representing the categories of one variable) separated by space between bars or columns. surveillance, medical monitoring of a person who might have been exposed to an infectious, chemical, radiologic, or other potentially causal agent, for the purpose of detecting early symptoms. The time it takes for someone with an infection to start showing symptoms. attribute a risk factor that is an intrinsic characteristic of the individual person, animal, plant, or other type of organism under study (e.g., genetic susceptibility, age, sex, breed, weight). distribution in epidemiology, the frequency and pattern of health-related characteristics and events in a population. The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has impelled many countries all over the world to institute sweeping measures to help reduce infection rates and ultimately its utter elimination. variable, independent an exposure, risk factor, or other characteristic being observed or measured that is hypothesized to influence an event or manifestation (the dependent variable). Our aims were to increase (1) pneumococcal conjugate vaccine . This value is usually expressed as deaths per 100,000 live births. This term is often used to describe the prevalence of malaria in a local area, with 10 to 50% of children showing evidence of prior infection being considered a moderate level . an abnormal state caused by contact with harmful organisms (such as bacteria or viruses), Post more words for infection to Facebook, Share more words for infection on Twitter. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. A nonspecific laboratory test used as a marker of inflammation. [1] Because it takes account of susceptibility it can be used to compare the rate of transmission between different groups of the population for the same infectious disease, or even between different infectious diseases. This supplement is also designed to provide bladder control support to individuals tired of visiting the bathroom ten times a day. variable any characteristic or attribute that can be measured and can have different values. mechanical transmission see transmission, mechanical. Two common types are cohort studies and case-control studies. variable, continuous a variable that has the potential for having an infinite number of values along a continuum (e.g., height and weight). Surgical site infection rate in India has varies from 2.5% to 41.9%. 1 vote. Rate at which susceptible individuals acquire an infectious disease, Mathematical modelling of infectious disease, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Force_of_infection&oldid=1142548282, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 01:24. Saving Lives, Protecting People, Principles of Epidemiology in Public Health Practice, Third Edition, Deputy Director for Public Health Science and Surveillance, Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services, Division of Scientific Education and Professional Development, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. rated the movie excellent; rated him a fine cook. measure of association a quantified relationship between exposure and a particular health problem (e.g., risk ratio, rate ratio, and odds ratio). Used in statistical testing to evaluate the plausibility of the null hypothesis (i.e., whether the observed association or difference plausibly might have occurred by chance). The average age of someone with a breakthrough infection was 42, and it's notable that only one person was known to have a weakened immune system. health information system a combination of health statistics from different sources. clinical criteria the medical features (e.g., symptoms, medical examination findings, and laboratory results) that are used in a case definition. scale, ordinal a measurement scale consisting of qualitative categories whose values have a distinct order but no numerical distance between their possible values (e.g., stage of cancer, I, II, III, or IV). Determine mathematic problems. heart rate or heart rhythm problems, chest pain or discomfort, pain or tingling in the hands or feet, and fatigue. 2. . spectrum of illness the range of manifestations a disease process can take (e.g., from asymptomatic to mild clinical illness to severe illness and death). As a number of major countries have now transitioned to weekly updates, there is no need anymore for immediate updates throughout the day as soon as a new report is released. The research was done in environmental disaster areas (Aral District, Kazaly District) and . A The study is created by eHealthMe and uses data from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). trial, randomized clinical a clinical trial in which persons are randomly assigned to exposure or treatment groups. map, area (shaded, choropleth) a visual display of the geographic pattern of a health problem, in which a marker is placed on a map to indicate where each affected person lives, works, or might have been exposed. A white blood cell (WBC) count measures the number of white blood cells in a sample of blood. immunity, herd the resistance to an infectious agent of an entire group or community (and, in particular, protection of susceptible persons) as a result of a substantial proportion of the population being immune to the agent. In other words, incidence rates. surveillance, syndromic (1) the monitoring of the frequency of illnesses with a specified set of clinical features among a given population without regard to the specific diagnoses, if any, that are assigned to them by clinicians. trend, secular changes occurring over a substantial period, generally years or decades. seasonality change in physiologic status or in the occurrence of a disease, chronic condition, or type of injury that conforms to a regular seasonal pattern. cluster an aggregation of cases of a disease, injury, or other health condition (particularly cancer and birth defects) in a circumscribed area during a particular period without regard to whether the number of cases is more than expected (often the expected number is not known). sporadic an event that occurs infrequently and irregularly. In epidemiology, the data are usually summaries of the frequency of occurrence of an event or characteristic occurring among different groups. exposed group a group whose members have had contact with a suspected cause of, or possess a characteristic that is a suspected determinant of, a particular health problem. To save this word, you'll need to log in. arbovirus any of a group of viruses that are transmitted between hosts by mosquitoes, ticks, and other arthropods. The code for attribution links is required. postneonatal mortality rate see mortality rate, postneonatal. pie chart a circular graph of a frequency distribution in which each segment of the pie is proportional in size to the frequency of corresponding category. table an arrangement of data in rows and columns. class interval the span of values of a continuous variable that are grouped into a single category (see also class), usually to create a frequency distribution for that variable. URI: abbreviation for upper respiratory infection. cause, necessary a factor that must be present for a disease or other health problem to occur. Mesoendemic An endemic disease with a moderate rate of infection. pandemic an epidemic occurring over a widespread area (multiple countries or continents) and usually affecting a substantial proportion of the population. A These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. rate an expression of the relative frequency with which an event occurs among a defined population per unit of time, calculated as the number of new cases or deaths during a specified period divided by either person-time or the average (midinterval) population. study, case-control an observational analytic study that enrolls one group of persons with a certain disease, chronic condition, or type of injury (case-patients) and a group of persons without the health problem (control subjects) and compares differences in exposures, behaviors, and other characteristics to identify and quantify associations, test hypotheses, and identify causes. host factor an intrinsic factor (e.g., age, race/ethnicity, sex, or behaviors) that influences a persons exposure, susceptibility, or response to an agent. The speed of administration of a solution in mL/hr. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. There was a failure rate of one pupil in ten in the exam. scale, ratio a measurement scale consisting of quantitative categories whose values are intervals with a true zero point (e.g., height in centimeters or duration of illness). Infection rate synonyms What is another word for Infection rate? This fuse is rated at 50 amperes. false-negative a negative test result for a person who actually has the condition similarly, a person who has the disease (perhaps mild or variant) but who does not fit the case definition, or a patient or outbreak not detected by a surveillance system. {\displaystyle \lambda } odds ratio a measure of association used in comparative studies, particularly case-control studies, that quantifies the association between an exposure and a health outcome; also called the cross-product ratio. phrases. epidemic period the time span of an outbreak or epidemic. epidemiologic triad the traditional model of infectious disease causation having three components: an external agent, a susceptible host, and an environment that brings the host and agent together so that disease occurs. variable the degree to which a measurement, questionnaire, test, or study or any other data-collection tool measures what it is intended to measure. This is true regardless of whether they have shown symptoms of COVID-19 or not. Typically, for a case to be confirmed, a person must have a positive result from laboratory tests. age-adjusted mortality rate see mortality rate, age-adjusted. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. trend movement or change in frequency over time, usually upwards or downwards. suggest new. HIPAA the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, enacted in 1996, which addresses the privacy of a persons medical information as well as postemployment insurance and other health-related concerns. outbreak, point-source a common source outbreak in which the exposure period is relatively brief so that all cases occur within one incubation period. The metabolic rate as measured 12 hr after eating, after a restful sleep, with no exercise or activity preceding testing, with elimination of emotional excitement, and at a comfortable temperature. record in a line listing, each row is a record or observation. case-control study see study, case-control. Antibiotic resistance is one of the leading issues in modern healthcare due to the inability to treat common infections with available antibiotics. experimental study see study, experimental. bank accounts paying above the average rate of interest. Test your knowledge - and maybe learn something along the way. Based on this situation, temporary measures such as immigration inspections have been implemented since December 30, 2022 to avoid a sharp increase in the inflow of COVID-19 into Japan, and flexible responses will be taken while monitoring the infection situation in China. What is the rate of alcoholism in the USA compared to other countries in the world. infant mortality rate see mortality rate, infant. Synonyms contamination, infection, corruption, pollution, taint EIS Epidemic Intelligence Service; CDCs 2-year training program in applied epidemiology for public health professionals (/eis). risk ratio a measure of association that quantifies the association between an exposure and a health outcome from an epidemiologic study, calculated as the ratio of incidence proportions of two groups. In this situation, at a recurrence interval of 3 months (p = 0.011) and an, Comparison ofsimultaneous shunting to delayed shunting in infants with myelomeningocele in terms ofshunt, In the present study, there was no significant relationship between gender and, Conclusion: In conclusion, efficiency of disposable surgical drapes has not been demonstrated to lower infections rates in fact to the contrary we demonstrated increase in, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Simulated anthrax attacks and syndromic surveillance, Rise in HCV infection rates linked to OxyContin reformulation, Can pin-site infection be prevented? prevalence, period the amount of a particular disease, chronic condition, or type of injury present among a population at any time during a particular period. It is updated regularly. See how your sentence looks with different synonyms. The frequency with which a gene will be inherited or expressed by identical or fraternal twins. control in a case-control study, a member of the group of persons without the health problem under study (see also comparison group and study, case-control). sentences. sample a selected subset of a population a sample can be random or nonrandom and representative or nonrepresentative. The literature provides no clear guidance on how best to prevent pin-site infection following orthopaedic surgery, Infection Management & Environmental Plan, Infection Prevention & Control Department, Infection Surveillance and Control Program, Infections with a predominantly sexual mode of transmission. The exposure period can be brief or can extend over days, weeks, or longer, with the exposure being either intermittent or continuous. Reducing such a factor among a population should reduce occurrence of the disease. [1] Because it takes account of susceptibility it can be used to compare the rate of transmission between different groups of the population for the same infectious disease, or even between different infectious diseases. risk factor an aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, an environmental exposure, or a hereditary characteristic that is associated with an increase in the occurrence of a particular disease, injury, or other health condition. trial, clinical an experimental study that uses data from individual persons. years of potential life lost (YPLL) a measure of the impact of premature death on a population, calculated as the sum of the differences between a predetermined minimally acceptable age (e.g., 65 years or current life expectancy) and the age at death for everyone who died earlier than that age. These infections are usually acquired after hospitalization and manifest 48 hours after admission t Hospital Acquired Infections Book Most HPV infections don't lead to cancer.

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